France was rocked by waves of violent protests on the weekend. Following protest marches against social problems, there were arsonist attacks, vandalism and street clashes in several cities across the country. President Emmanuel Macron spoke of "rioters from far-left groups" engaging in acts of violence together with criminal groups. Europe's press takes a closer look.

Ten days after announcing his diesel deal with Vladimir Putin, criticism of Donald Trump is mounting. The US President has now called on Ukraine to halt its attacks on Russian refineries and is stepping up the pressure on President Zelensky. Europe's press debates whether Trump is thus promoting Russia's interests, and how Europe should respond.

After the wave of protests in Spain, the housing crisis is now also sparking mass demonstrations in Portugal. Activists set up protest camps in the main squares of Lisbon and Porto on the weekend. European commentators look at why governments are failing to come up with convincing responses.

Prime Minister Andrej Babiš's ruling Ano party has suffered a crushing defeat in senatorial and regional elections in the Czech Republic. The party failed to retain a single Senate seat and has lost support across the country. The result comes as a blow to Babiš, who had campaigned on the strength of far-reaching election pledges. The Czech press discusses causes and consequences.

There has been another wave of school protests across France. According to official figures, 160,000 people took to the country's streets on Tuesday. The organisers put the figure at 480,000. Access to numerous universities was also blocked by the demonstrations. Further protests in which university students and trade unions also intend to take part are planned for Saturday. Europe's press looks at the reasons for the protests and why they are spreading to other sections of the population.

Relations between Donald Trump and Volodymyr Zelensky have once again cooled: early this week the Ukrainian army's access to US data on Russian missile launches was restricted, which delayed the triggering of air raid sirens. The functionality of Starshield – the military version of the satellite-based internet service Starlink – has also been limited. Europe's media draw their own conclusions.

Without explicitly mentioning headscarves, the Azerbaijani government has passed a decree that bans religious clothing in state schools, on the grounds that it contradicts the principle of secularism in the education system and undermines school uniform rules. The ban has led to protests and violence in Baku. In Turkey, too, it is being sharply criticised, especially by government supporters there.

More than a month after the general election in Sweden, the bid of the Social Democratic Party leader Magdalena Andersson to be elected by the Swedish parliament as Prime Minister failed on Thursday. Given that the Swedish constitution imposes a limit of four proposed PM candidates, the national press speculates on whether it could come to a snap election.

The US will elect a new House of Representatives and a third of the members of the Senate in its midterm elections on 3 November. For President Donald Trump a lot is at stake: if the Republicans lose their majority in Congress it will be far more difficult for him to pursue his policies. Europe's press discusses the ramifications of the midterms for the US, Ukraine and Europe.

The Vatican has announced that Pope Leo XIV underwent surgery on Tuesday to remove the lower lobe of his right lung after an adenocarcinoma was discovered during a routine check-up. The operation is reported to have been successful and without complications. The media look at what the 71-year-old pope's illness could mean for the Catholic Church.

The trial over the attack on the Nord Stream gas pipelines in September 2022 has begun in Hamburg. Ukrainian ex-officer Serhii K. has been charged with leading a group of divers who blew up three of the four gas pipelines that run between Russia and Germany. The public prosecutor's office classifies such acts as a war crime against civilian infrastructure.

Parts of the Czech government want to scale back the inclusion of children with disabilities in the country's mainstream schools. Headteachers are to have the right to refuse pupils with health impairments. Commentators in the national press view this is the wrong approach.

Google plans to build several data centres in Finland and invest around 13 billion euros in digital infrastructure. At one location, 300 hectares of woodlands were cleared before the environmental impact assessment had been completed. The Finnish supervisory authority ordered all environmentally detrimental construction work to be suspended. After a long silence, Google has apologised and work on the sites has been suspended.

The negotiations on the EU budget for the years 2028 to 2034 are entering a critical phase. The Commission had presented a draft budget of about two trillion euros which has immediately come under fire from the net contributors – Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and Austria. The Irish EU presidency has now proposed a new budget for around 160 billion euros less as a compromise.

US President Donald Trump has struck a diesel deal with Russian leader Vladimir Putin while the EU is struggling to reach a consensus on the next package of sanctions against Moscow. At the same time, voices within the EU are increasingly calling into question aid for Ukraine. Commentators ask how Europe should position itself to find an appropriate response.

The scandal-hit US Ambassador to Greece, Kimberly Guilfoyle, has resigned at Donald Trump's request amid allegations that she suggested in Athens that Washington could topple governments in the region if they refused to buy expensive US liquefied natural gas. Shortly afterwards, Prime Minister Ilie Bolojan's government in Romania collapsed.

After a week of attacks on airports and industrial facilities in Saudi Arabia, the Iran-backed Houthi militia is threatening further escalation. Saudi Arabia supports the internationally recognised government in Yemen, which is fighting the Houthi. The US and the Mecca Alliance have so far been cautious in showing support for Riyadh.

British Prime Minister Andy Burnham has said in an interview that it is "clear" that Russia interfered in the 2016 Brexit referendum, but did not provide further details about the nature or impact of the interference. He warned, however, that voters in Germany and France should "understand that some of this politics is instigated via our enemies, namely Russia."

US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth has announced plans for the country's first military execution in more than 60 years. The execution by firing squad of Nidal Hasan, who killed 13 people in an attack on the Fort Hood military base in 2009, is to be livestreamed. Human rights activists, as well as Democratic and Republican politicians, have sharply criticised the plan. Commentators are also appalled.

US President Donald Trump announced on Friday that he had reached a deal with Russian President Vladimir Putin on diesel shipments and a temporary easing of US sanctions against Russia. The deal, which is aimed at bringing down domestic fuel prices, foresees an initial shipment of 300,000 tonnes of Russian diesel in October, with further deliveries to follow. Europe's media discuss wider implications and the impact on the US's credibility as an ally.