A grassroots student-led coalition threatens to upend Serbia’s political landscape as the EU-candidate country heads to the polls on Sunday
Serbia’s 6.5 million voters go to the polls on 25 October in a watershed parliamentary election characterised by civil unrest, a new political landscape, allegations of irregularities, an uncertain outcome and the potential of far-reaching consequences.
El presidente francés ha empeorado su imagen de arrogancia con una serie de errores estratégicos a los que se suman las críticas desde todo el espectro político, incluido sus antiguos aliados
La violencia en Francia allana el camino al mensaje de ley y orden de la derecha y la ultraderecha
Desde su despacho en el Palacio del Elíseo, el presidente pronunció un discurso de ocho minutos en el que expresó su “ira y vergüenza” tras un fin de semana en el que se incendió un ayuntamiento, se saquearon más de 2.000 tiendas, se detuvo a 2.300 personas y resultaron heridos 1.000 policías.
Una protesta de un mes de duración por parte de los alumnos de secundaria, motivada por el deterioro y el hacinamiento de las aulas, se sumó a un descontento más generalizado por el aumento vertiginoso del coste de la vida, la desigualdad que se agrava rápidamente y la reducción del gasto público, lo que unió a estudiantes, profesores, sindicalistas y un movimiento de los 'chalecos amarillos'resurgido.
Esas protestas, en su mayoría pacíficas, fueron rápidamente aprovechadas por grupos enmascarados que incendiaron vehículos, saquearon comercios y causaron graves daños a las infraestructuras públicas, entre ellos el incendio del ayuntamiento de Limoges y la irrupción en el de Marsella.
Macron reconoció la “profunda inquietud” de los jóvenes, pero no ofreció iniciativas políticas concretas, ni una reorganización del Gobierno, ni nuevo gasto público, limitándose a pedir a su primer ministro que organizara consultas y a instar a los políticos de la oposición a que tomaran posición.
Críticas de todos los frentes
La respuesta, en todo el espectro político, fue contundente. La líder de Los Verdes, Marine Tondelier, afirmó que, en lugar de “ni siquiera empezar a hacer ningún tipo de mea culpa”, Macron les convocaba al “despacho del primer ministro como a unos alumnos ante la pizarra”.
En la extrema derecha, Jordan Bardella, de Agrupación Nacional, calificó el discurso de “lamentable” y afirmó que a Macron “ya no le queda nada que decir” a los franceses. La líder del partido, Marine Le Pen, afirmó que el país se encuentra “atrapado en una tenaza entre la violencia y la impotencia”.
Bruno Retailleau, de la derecha, afirmó que Macron estaba “totalmente desbordado”, mientras que, desde la izquierda, Jean-Luc Mélenchon acusó al presidente de recurrir a “la inacción y la brutalidad policial” con la vana esperanza de que las protestas simplemente se apagaran por sí solas.
Unas personas pasan junto a los restos de una hoguera callejera tras los enfrentamientos entre la policía antidisturbios y los manifestantes en París.
Quizá lo más perjudicial sea que incluso el antiguo primer ministro de Macron, Édouard Philippe, afirmó que habría preferido “decisiones e iniciativas que pudieran conducir a un retorno al orden y a la restauración de la autoridad del Estado”. “Nuestro país necesita ser gobernado”, dijo.
Es de esperar que surjan críticas por parte de los rivales que se posicionan a seis meses de unas elecciones presidenciales para elegir al sucesor de Macron. Pero su enorme ferocidad pone de relieve su aislamiento, el desdén con el que se le trata y la ira que despierta.
La trampa de Macron
Se trata de una trampa estructural que, en gran medida, él mismo se ha tendido. Macron llegó al poder en 2017 como un presidente “jupiteriano”: una estrategia deliberada destinada a elevar al jefe de Estado por encima de la política cotidiana, proyectando una autoridad distante y una brillantez tecnocrática.
Pero, tras nueve años en el Elíseo, ese estilo prepotente —que, según sus críticos, se debe en parte a la total falta de experiencia política básica de Macron como cargo electo en un ayuntamiento o como diputado por una circunscripción— se ha transformado en lo que se percibe como arrogancia y actitud distante.
El presidente francés, Emmanuel Macron, durante su mensaje a la nación de este domingo.
A ello se han sumado errores estratégicos catastróficos y los problemas económicos de Francia, que se agravan cada vez más. Macron perdió una mayoría parlamentaria operativa al negarse a hacer una campaña significativa entre las elecciones presidenciales y legislativas de 2022.
Dos años después, disolvió la Asamblea Nacional. Esa apuesta le salió por la culata de forma espectacular, ya que los votantes eligieron un parlamento aún más estancado, dividido entre una izquierda fragmentada, un bloque centrista muy mermado y la extrema derecha de Le Pen.
Sin una mayoría operativa, el Gobierno recurrió repetidamente a controvertidas maniobras constitucionales para imponer leyes sin votación parlamentaria, lo que lo dejó —y a Macron— expuesto a nuevas acusaciones de ilegitimidad democrática.
Las consecuencias para las elecciones presidenciales podrían ser profundas. La coalición centrista construida en torno a la marca de Macron se ha derrumbado prácticamente por completo
A ese estancamiento institucional se suma una crisis fiscal inminente. En décadas pasadas, los presidentes franceses que se enfrentaban a protestas masivas en las calles podían, en la práctica, comprar un cierto grado de tranquilidad social con paquetes de gasto específicos o concesiones del sector público.
Pero la deuda pública francesa, que se sitúa en el 119 % del PIB, se encuentra en su nivel más alto desde 1946. Su déficit presupuestario, del 5,1 %, también se encuentra entre los más elevados de la UE. Simplemente, no hay dinero en el banco para aliviar la presión del coste de la vida que llevó a 550 000 personas a salir a la calle el sábado.
Los mercados están preocupados: los costes de financiación de Francia son más elevados que los de Grecia. Y ante la escasez de opciones fiscales, la respuesta más clara del Gobierno —siguiendo la tradición francesa de siempre— ha sido el uso de gases lacrimógenos y las cargas con porras, a veces contra escolares, lo que ha agravado aún más las tensiones.
La candidata ultraderechista a la presidencia francesa Marine Le Pen.
Las consecuencias para las elecciones presidenciales podrían ser profundas. La coalición centrista construida en torno a la marca de Macron se ha derrumbado prácticamente por completo. Si las protestas y la violencia persisten, los principales beneficiarios serán los defensores de la ley y el orden de la extrema derecha.
Jean-Baptiste Moreau, un influyente exdiputado del partido de Macron con el que el presidente —en gran medida en funciones— todavía habla de vez en cuando, llegó, según se informa, a sugerir este fin de semana que debería dimitir y convocar elecciones presidenciales anticipadas.
“Macron sigue creyendo que puede cambiar las cosas”, declaró a Le Monde. “Pero, en este momento, Marine Le Pen va directa al Palacio del Elíseo”.
Leaders criticised for spreading misleading information as France prepares for further protests this weekend
Emmanuel Macron has accused Donald Trump and other foreign leaders of making “stupid comments” about France’s street unrest for political gain, as the country prepared for more protests this weekend.
Speaking during a visit to Qatar, the French president did not name names but said “manipulation of information” after Saturday’s riots had led to “comments that are as unacceptable as they are stupid, from many people, including foreign leaders”.
Leaders criticised for spreading misleading information as France prepares for further protests this weekend
Emmanuel Macron has accused Donald Trump and other foreign leaders of making “stupid comments” about France’s street unrest for political gain, as the country prepared for more protests this weekend.
Speaking during a visit to Qatar, the French president did not name names but said “manipulation of information” after Saturday’s riots had led to “comments that are as unacceptable as they are stupid, from many people, including foreign leaders”.
Nationalist leaders are framing unrest as consequence of failed liberal governance and open borders
Europe’s far-right leaders have jumped on the violence that rocked numerous cities last weekend, framing it as the inevitable consequence of failed liberal governance and open-border policies and insisting only they can restore law and order.
Months away from key elections in Spain, France and Italy, authoritarian nationalists are eager to weaponise the wave of street unrest, originating in peaceful protests over the cost of living and deteriorating public services but hijacked by violent rioters.
Nationalist leaders are framing unrest as consequence of failed liberal governance and open borders
Europe’s far-right leaders have jumped on the violence that rocked numerous cities last weekend, framing it as the inevitable consequence of failed liberal governance and open-border policies and insisting only they can restore law and order.
Months away from key elections in Spain, France and Italy, authoritarian nationalists are eager to weaponise the wave of street unrest, originating in peaceful protests over the cost of living and deteriorating public services but hijacked by violent rioters.
Officers are instruments of state whose job is to repress, rather than manage, public dissent
Familiar images of teargas clouds drifting across Paris squares, police baton charges against masked protesters and terrified teenagers floored – and worse – by stun grenades have once again focused the world’s attention on France’s policing methods.
While most of its western European neighbours generally favour police tactics that prioritise crowd containment and de-escalation, France has long responded to social movements that take to the streets with, at times, shocking physical force.
Officers are instruments of state whose job is to repress, rather than manage, public dissent
Familiar images of teargas clouds drifting across Paris squares, police baton charges against masked protesters and terrified teenagers floored – and worse – by stun grenades have once again focused the world’s attention on France’s policing methods.
While most of its western European neighbours generally favour police tactics that prioritise crowd containment and de-escalation, France has long responded to social movements that take to the streets with, at times, shocking physical force.
Italy’s government is sending 500 soldiers to Milan and vowed a “firm response from the state” after protests against the cost of living descended into clashes with police, vandalism and looting. Further demonstrations are planned on Saturday.
The government of the far-right prime minister, Giorgia Meloni, also announced new security measures, including an offence of violent participation in a demonstration, tougher penalties for rioters, and financial liability for parents whose children take part in vandalism and looting.
Italy’s government is sending 500 soldiers to Milan and vowed a “firm response from the state” after protests against the cost of living descended into clashes with police, vandalism and looting. Further demonstrations are planned on Saturday.
The government of the far-right prime minister, Giorgia Meloni, also announced new security measures, including an offence of violent participation in a demonstration, tougher penalties for rioters, and financial liability for parents whose children take part in vandalism and looting.
The near-universal chorus of condemnation that greeted Emmanuel Macron’s address to the nation on Sunday, after one of the most violent days of rioting and looting in France’s recent history, was a stark reflection of just how weakened he now is.
Speaking from his office at the Élysée Palace, the president delivered an eight-minute speech expressing “anger and shame” after a weekend in which a town hall was set ablaze, 2,000-plus shops were looted, 2,300 people were arrested and 1,000 police injured.
French president has compounded impression of arrogance with strategic errors – and consequences could be profound
The near-universal chorus of condemnation that greeted Emmanuel Macron’s address to the nation on Sunday, after one of the most violent days of rioting and looting in France’s recent history, was a stark reflection of just how weakened he now is.
Speaking from his office at the Élysée Palace, the president delivered an eight-minute speech expressing “anger and shame” after a weekend in which a town hall was set ablaze, 2,000-plus shops were looted, 2,300 people were arrested and 1,000 police injured.
Last weekend there were mass protests across France, with more than half a million people estimated to have been involved. The unrest included rioting, looting and violent clashes with outnumbered police in cities including Paris, Marseille and Limoges. The interior minister conceded that police ‘lost control’ in some cities, while President Emmanuel Macron demanded a full security review. Lucy Hough speaks to the Guardian’s Europe correspondent, Jon Henley – watch on YouTube
Last weekend there were mass protests across France, with more than half a million people estimated to have been involved. The unrest included rioting, looting and violent clashes with outnumbered police in cities including Paris, Marseille and Limoges. The interior minister conceded that police ‘lost control’ in some cities, while President Emmanuel Macron demanded a full security review. Lucy Hough speaks to the Guardian’s Europe correspondent, Jon Henley – watch on YouTube
Last weekend there were mass protests across France, with more than half a million people estimated to have been involved. The unrest included rioting, looting and violent clashes with outnumbered police in cities including Paris, Marseille and Limoges. The interior minister conceded that police ‘lost control’ in some cities, while President Emmanuel Macron demanded a full security review. Lucy Hough speaks to the Guardian’s Europe correspondent, Jon Henley – watch on YouTube
Interior minister concedes police ‘lost control’ of weekend protests as PM vows to restore public order
Partial curfews have been issued for a number of French cities, including parts of Paris, after the government admitted police had “lost control” during violent weekend protests around the country.
Sébastien Lecornu, the French prime minister, said after an emergency cabinet meeting on Monday he was “fully resolved to restore public order” and had called for “local and partial” curfews if needed. There was “no question” of imposing a full curfew on entire cities, he said.
Interior minister concedes police ‘lost control’ of weekend protests as PM vows to restore public order
Partial curfews have been issued for a number of French cities, including parts of Paris, after the government admitted police had “lost control” during violent weekend protests around the country.
Sébastien Lecornu, the French prime minister, said after an emergency cabinet meeting on Monday he was “fully resolved to restore public order” and had called for “local and partial” curfews if needed. There was “no question” of imposing a full curfew on entire cities, he said.
With support for far right politics well established across Europe, how might upcoming elections shape its future? Europe correspondents Jon Henley and Ashifa Kassam answered Reddit users’ questions about their reporting from the continent
Support for far-right parties has been growing across Europe, with radical right, populist parties in coalition governments in Croatia, Czechia, Italy and Finland, and leading in the polls in Austria, Belgium, France and Germany.
Say what you will about France’s high schools, they still produce world-class slogan writers. Here’s a brief selection spotted during three weeks of blockades and marches over chronic teacher shortages, overcrowded classes and crumbling buildings:
“Pas d’avenir, pas de calme” (No future, no calm). “Diplômés aujourd’hui, précaires demain” (Graduates today, insecure tomorrow). “Vous détruisez notre futur, on bloque votre présent” (You destroy our future, we block your present).
Swedish activist Greta Thunberg joins teenagers calling for investment to fix teacher shortages and crumbling schools
More than 160,000 schoolchildren, students and trade unionists have marched in cities across France as protests over high school education continued into a third week and many demonstrators denounced policing tactics.
Riot police fired teargas at the end of Tuesday’s marches in Nantes and near the Montparnasse area of Paris, but most of the demonstrations over teacher shortages, overcrowded classes and crumbling school buildings held in cities including Lyon, Lille and Marseille were peaceful.
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