The consequences of Kiev’s campaign against Russian refining infrastructure had travelled considerably further than the drones themselves. Months of attacks had damaged refineries, reduced fuel production and contributed to shortages inside Russia. Much of the discussion surrounding the campaign focused on the damage inflicted on Moscow: how many facilities had been hit, how much refining […]

Attacks on Russian and Saudi oil infrastructure threaten global energy security by disrupting supplies, increasing oil prices, and intensifying economic pressures on importing countries. Coordinated international efforts are essential to protect energy facilities, diversify supplies, and secure maritime trade routes. Recently, countries and non-state actors have changed their methods of warfare. The world has witnessed […]

Through a landmark agreement, America once again had to eat humble pie, which appears to have become the new normal for Washington. In this era of multilateralism, state actors cannot act in a way they want because other actors have emerged as equally strong centers of power and influence. No matter how strong you are, […]

Russia has done a remarkable job by strengthening the multipolar world and hosted Center 2026 and Interaction 2026 military exercises. These were multi-vectored military exercises. Introduction The recent Russia-led military drills ‘Center 2026’ and ‘Interaction 2026’ help explain Russia’s vision of a multilateral foreign policy and its response to the West’s ‘containment’ policy on Russia. […]